Physics - Electrostatics Potential & Capacitance Handwritten Notes Class 12th CBSE BOARD

Here's an introduction to Electrostatics Potential and Capacitance for Class 12th:

Electrostatic Potential

Electrostatic potential, also known as electric potential, is the potential difference between two points in an electric field. It is a measure of the work done in moving a unit positive charge from one point to another against the electric field.

Key Points

Definition: Electrostatic potential (V) is the work done (W) in moving a unit positive charge (q) from infinity to a point in an electric field.

Unit: The unit of electrostatic potential is Volt (V).

Formula: V = W/q

Capacitance

Capacitance is the ability of a conductor to store electric charge. It is a measure of the amount of charge that can be stored in a conductor for a given potential difference.

Key Points

Definition : Capacitance (C) is the ratio of the charge (Q) stored in a conductor to the potential difference (V) across it.

Unit : The unit of capacitance is Farad (F).

Formula : C = Q/V

Types of Capacitors

Parallel Plate Capacitor : A capacitor consisting of two parallel plates separated by a dielectric material.

Spherical Capacitor : A capacitor consisting of two concentric spherical shells separated by a dielectric material.

Cylindrical Capacitor : A capacitor consisting of two coaxial cylindrical shells separated by a dielectric material.

Important Formulas

Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor : C = ε₀εᵣA/d

Energy Stored in a Capacitor : U = (1/2)CV²

Capacitance of a Spherical Capacitor : C = 4πε₀εᵣR₁R₂/(R₂-R₁)

Key Concepts

Electric Field : A region around a charged particle or object where the force of the charge can be detected.

Electric Potential : The potential difference between two points in an electric field.

Dielectric Material : A material that can store electric charge, such as glass, ceramic, or plastic.

I hope this introduction helps you understand the basics of Electrostatics Potential and Capacitance for Class 12th!