12th PHYSICS MCQ | Electric Charge and electric field |One linear | Class 12th | All State

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Electric Charge and Electric Field

(One linear question & MCQ)

Here are the 20 multiple choice questions with their corresponding answers related to Electric Charge and Electric Field:

1. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The net force acting on it
   Answer: c) depends on the orientation of the dipole with respect to the field

2. A point charge q is placed at a distance r from another point charge Q. The electric field at the point where the charge q is placed is proportional to
   Answer: d) q/r^2

3. An electron is placed in a uniform electric field. The force acting on it is
   Answer: c) non-zero and opposite to the direction of the field

4. Electric field lines
   Answer: b) start from negative charges and end on positive charges

5. Electric field lines due to a point charge are
   Answer: a) radially outward from the charge

6. The electric field at a point due to an electric dipole is zero when the point is
   Answer: b) on the equatorial plane of the dipole

7. Electric field inside a conductor is
   Answer: a) zero

8. The direction of the electric field due to a point charge at a given point is given by
   Answer: a) the direction of the force experienced by a positive test charge placed at that point

9. Electric potential at a point due to a point charge is proportional to
   Answer: d) the inverse of the distance of the point from the point charge

10. Electric field and electric potential at a point due to a point charge are
    Answer: b) inversely proportional to each other

11. The electric field due to an infinitely long charged wire is
    Answer: a) inversely proportional to the distance from the wire

12. The electric potential due to a uniformly charged sphere at a point inside the sphere is
    Answer: b) non-zero and constant

13. A spherical conductor carries a net charge Q. The charge is
    Answer: a) uniformly distributed over the surface of the sphere

14. Two equal and opposite charges are separated by a distance d. The electric potential at a point midway between them is
    Answer: a) zero

15. The electric field inside a charged hollow conductor is
    Answer: a) zero

16. A charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field experiences
    Answer: d) a force perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field

17. The electric field inside a capacitor is
    Answer: a) zero

18. The electric potential energy of a system of two point charges depends on
    Answer: c) the product of the charges and the distance between them

19. The electric field due to an electric dipole at a point on the axial line is
    Answer: b) directly proportional to the inverse cube of the distance from the dipole

20. The electric field due to an infinite plane sheet of charge is
    Answer: b) uniform and perpendicular to the plane

1. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The net force acting on it
   a) is zero
   b) depends on the medium surrounding the dipole
   c) depends on the orientation of the dipole with respect to the field
   d) depends on the magnitude of the dipole moment

2. A point charge q is placed at a distance r from another point charge Q. The electric field at the point where the charge q is placed is proportional to
   a) Q/r
   b) Q/r^2
   c) q/r
   d) q/r^2

3. An electron is placed in a uniform electric field. The force acting on it is
   a) zero
   b) non-zero and in the direction of the field
   c) non-zero and opposite to the direction of the field
   d) non-zero and perpendicular to the direction of the field

4. Electric field lines
   a) are straight lines
   b) start from negative charges and end on positive charges
   c) are continuous curves
   d) are discontinuous curves

5. Electric field lines due to a point charge are
   a) radially outward from the charge
   b) radially inward towards the charge
   c) circular around the charge
   d) straight lines passing through the charge

6. The electric field at a point due to an electric dipole is zero when the point is
   a) on the axis of the dipole
   b) on the equatorial plane of the dipole
   c) at infinity from the dipole
   d) None of the above.

7. Electric field inside a conductor is
   a) zero
   b) non-zero and uniform
   c) non-zero and non-uniform
   d) equal to the surface charge density.

8. The direction of the electric field due to a point charge at a given point is given by
   a) the direction of the force experienced by a positive test charge placed at that point
   b) the direction of the force experienced by a negative test charge placed at that point
   c) always towards the charge
   d) always away from the charge.

9. Electric potential at a point due to a point charge is proportional to
   a) the charge of the point charge
   b) the distance of the point from the point charge
   c) the square of the distance of the point from the point charge
   d) the inverse of the distance of the point from the point charge.

10. Electric field and electric potential at a point due to a point charge are
    a) proportional to each other
    b) inversely proportional to each other
    c) independent of each other
    d) equal to each other.

11. The electric field due to an infinitely long charged wire is
    a) inversely proportional to the distance from the wire
    b) directly proportional to the distance from the wire
    c) independent of the distance from the wire
    d) zero.

12. The electric potential due to a uniformly charged sphere at a point inside the sphere is
    a) zero
    b) non-zero and constant
    c) non-zero and variable
    d) infinite.

13. A spherical conductor carries a net charge Q. The charge is
    a) uniformly distributed over the surface of the sphere
    b) concentrated at the center of the sphere
    c) uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the sphere
    d) None of the above.

14. Two equal and opposite charges are separated by a distance d. The electric potential at a point midway between them is
    a) zero
    b) kq/d
    c) 2kq/d
    d)

1. Two charged particles are placed in a medium. If they experience a repulsive force, what can be said about their charges? a) Both particles are positively charged. b) Both particles are negatively charged. c) One particle is positively charged and the other is negatively charged. d) Cannot be determined.

2. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. Which of the following statements is correct? a) The dipole experiences a torque but no net force. b) The dipole experiences a net force but no torque. c) The dipole experiences both a net force and a torque. d) The dipole experiences neither a net force nor a torque.

3. Which of the following quantities is a scalar? a) Electric field b) Electric potential c) Electric flux d) Electric potential energy

4. The electric field due to a point charge decreases as: a) The distance from the charge increases. b) The distance from the charge decreases. c) The magnitude of the charge decreases. d) The magnitude of the charge increases.

5. When a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of a capacitor, the capacitance: a) Increases b) Decreases c) Remains unchanged d) Depends on the voltage applied to the capacitor

6. The SI unit of electric field is: a) Volt b) Coulomb c) Tesla d) Newton per coulomb

7. Two point charges of +3 μC and -4 μC are placed 2 meters apart. What is the magnitude of the electric force between them? a) 1.5 N b) 4.5 N c) 6 N d) 9 N

8. The electric field inside a conductor is: a) Zero b) Maximum c) Variable d) Equal to the potential difference across the conductor

9. A positively charged particle moves in a straight line in the direction of the electric field. The work done by the electric field is: a) Positive b) Negative c) Zero d) Cannot be determined

10. Which of the following is an example of an insulator? a) Copper b) Aluminum c) Rubber d) Silver

Answers:

1. c) One particle is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.
2. a) The dipole experiences a torque but no net force.
3. b) Electric potential
4. a) The distance from the charge increases.
5. a) Increases
6. d) Newton per coulomb
7. b) 4.5 N
8. a) Zero
9. c) Zero
10. c) Rubber

1. Which of the following particles has a negative charge? a) Proton b) Neutron c) Electron d) Positron

2. Two point charges of +4 μC and -2 μC are placed 3 meters apart in air. What is the force between them? (Given: k = 9 × 10^9 Nm²/C²) a) 1.33 × 10^9 N b) 4.5 × 10^9 N c) 1.5 × 10^9 N d) 9 × 10^9 N

3. Electric field lines for a positive point charge: a) Originate from the charge and terminate at infinity b) Originate from the charge and terminate at another charge of opposite sign c) Originate from infinity and terminate at the charge d) Originate from another charge of opposite sign and terminate at the charge

4. The electric field at a point is defined as the force experienced by: a) A negative charge placed at that point b) A positive charge placed at that point c) A proton placed at that point d) An electron placed at that point

5. If the distance between two charges is doubled, the force between them will: a) Quadruple b) Halve c) Double d) Remain the same

6. An electric dipole in a uniform electric field experiences: a) A net force but no torque b) A net torque but no force c) Both net force and net torque d) Neither net force nor net torque

7. When two capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is: a) Equal to the sum of individual capacitances b) Less than the sum of individual capacitances c) Greater than the sum of individual capacitances d) Unpredictable and depends on the values of the capacitors

8. The SI unit of electric potential is: a) Volt b) Ohm c) Ampere d) Coulomb

9. The potential energy of a charged particle in an electric field is zero when: a) The particle is at a point of maximum potential b) The particle is at a point of minimum potential c) The particle is at infinity d) The particle has zero charge

10. An electric field line: a) Represents the path taken by a charged particle b) Represents the direction of the electric field c) Represents the equipotential surfaces d) Represents the path taken by a neutral particle

Answers:

1. c) Electron
2. a) 1.33 × 10^9 N
3. a) Originate from the charge and terminate at infinity
4. b) A positive charge placed at that point
5. b) Halve
6. b) A net torque but no force
7. a) Equal to the sum of individual capacitances
8. a) Volt
9. c) The particle is at infinity
10. b) Represents the direction of the electric field

Please note that these questions are for practice purposes and you should refer to your textbook or consult your teacher for the most accurate and up-to-date information.

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